ökologische-risiken-fossile-energie: Init
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<li><a href="latex/printer/index.pdf">Drucker</a> (<a href="latex/printer/handout.pdf">Handout</a>)</li>
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<li><a href="latex/printer/index.pdf">Drucker</a> (<a href="latex/printer/handout.pdf">Handout</a>)</li>
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<li>Carl Sternheim: Die Hose (<a href="latex/die-hose/handout.pdf">Handout</a>)</li>
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<li>Carl Sternheim: Die Hose (<a href="latex/die-hose/handout.pdf">Handout</a>)</li>
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<li>Das Drama der Freiheit (<a href="latex/das-drama-der-freiheit/handout.pdf">Handout</a>)</li>
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<li>Das Drama der Freiheit (<a href="latex/das-drama-der-freiheit/handout.pdf">Handout</a>)</li>
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<li><a href="latex/ökologische-risiken-fossile-energie/index.pdf">Ökologische Risiken bei Abbau und Nutzung von fossilen Energieträgern</a></li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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</body>
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</body>
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</html>
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</html>
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latex/ökologische-risiken-fossile-energie/bibliography.bib
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latex/ökologische-risiken-fossile-energie/bibliography.bib
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@book{bauske-geographie-oberstufe-11,
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author = {Thomas Bauske and Andrea Döringer and Katharina Eckinger and Charly Hoenig and Evelin Mederle},
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title = {Geographie Bayern Oberstufe 11},
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location = {Braunschweig},
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publisher = {Bildungshaus Schulbuchverlage},
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year = {2009},
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isbn = {978-3-14-151011-9},
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pagetotal = {184},
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pages = {104f.},
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}
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@article{döschner-unbekannte-gefahr,
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author = {Jürgen Döschner},
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title = {Unbekannte Gefahr},
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subtitle = {Radioaktive Abfälle aus der Öl- und Gasindustrie},
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journaltitle = {Deutschlandfunk},
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date = {2010-02-05},
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url = {https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/unbekannte-gefahr.724.de.html?dram:article_id=99731},
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urldate = {2021-05-22},
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}
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@inbook{duden-blowout,
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title = {Blowout},
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booktitle = {Duden online},
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author = {Dudenreaktion},
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||||||
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url = {https://www.duden.de/node/23745/revision/23774},
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urldate = {2021-05-22},
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}
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@book{hagemann-greenpeace,
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author = {Kirsten Hagemann},
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title = {Erdöl – Gefahr für Umwelt, Klima, Menschen},
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subtitle = {Die schmutzige Spur des schwarzen Goldes},
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location = {Hamburg},
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publisher = {Greenpeace e.V.},
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year = {2012},
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pagetotal = {16},
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pages = {6, 8, 12},
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url = {https://www.greenpeace.de/sites/www.greenpeace.de/files/erdoel_gefahr_fuer_die_umwelt_0.pdf},
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urldate = {2021-05-22},
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}
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@online{fg-geothermie-kohlekraft,
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author = {{FG Geothermie GmbH}},
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title = {Kohlekraft – Die schmutzigste Form der Energieerzeugung},
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url = {https://fg-geothermie.de/index.php/die-risiken-von-kohle.html},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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}
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@online{wikipedia-fracking,
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author = {{Wikipedia}},
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title = {Hydraulic Fracturing},
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url = {https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hydraulic_Fracturing&oldid=211192343},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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}
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@online{uba-fracking,
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author = {{Umweltbundesamt}},
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title = {Fracking},
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date = {2018-04-17},
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url = {https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/themen/wasser/gewaesser/grundwasser/nutzung-belastungen/fracking},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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}
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@online{bund-braunkohle,
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author = {{BUND Landesverband Nordrhein-Westfahlen}},
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title = {Braunkohle – Totalzerstörung von Natur, Landschaft und Gewässerhaushalt},
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url = {https://www.bund-nrw.de/themen/braunkohle/hintergruende-und-publikationen/braunkohle-und-umwelt/},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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}
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@online{nasa-athabasca,
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author = {{NASA Earth Observatory}},
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title = {Athabasca Oil Sands},
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url = {https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/76559/athabasca-oil-sands},
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urldate = {2021-05-22},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{nasa-maracaibo,
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author = {{NASA Earth Observatory}},
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title = {Close-up of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela},
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url = {https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/3533/close-up-of-lake-maracaibo-venezuela},
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urldate = {2021-05-22},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{abfackel-flamme,
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author = {Love Krittaya},
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title = {PTT flame 1.jpg},
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year = {2005},
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url = {https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PTT_flame_1.jpg},
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urldate = {2021-05-22},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{trost-lucas-gusher,
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author = {John Trost},
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title = {Lucas gusher.jpg},
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year = {1901},
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url = {https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lucas_gusher.jpg},
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urldate = {2021-05-22},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@misc{hbo-chernobyl,
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author = {{Home Box Office}},
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title = {Chernobyl Episode 2},
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year = {2019},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{jordan-kuwait-brand,
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author = {Jonas Jordan},
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title = {Kuwait\_burn\_oilfield.jpg},
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url = {https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kuwait_burn_oilfield.png},
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urldate = {2021-06-01},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{führer-sümpfung,
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author = {Marco Führer},
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title = {Der Sümpfung auf den Grund gehen},
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year = {2016},
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||||||
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url = {http://archiv.technikjournal.de/cms/front_content.php?idcat=59&idart=1444&lang=1},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{ziese-kohlekraftwerk,
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author = {S. Ziese},
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title = {Steinkohlekraftwerk Scholven},
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url = {https://fg-geothermie.de/system/html/steinkohlekraftwerk-bc3e7ba4.jpg},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{bilderzwerg-fracking,
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author = {bilderzwerg},
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title = {Prinzip der Erdgasgewinnung durch Fracking},
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url = {https://stock.adobe.com/49142964},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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@online{michel-vorher-nachher,
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author = {Manfred Michel},
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title = {Braunkohleabbau Garzweiler},
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url = {https://www.vorher-nachher-fotografie-michel.de/bilder/braunkohleabbau-garzweiler/},
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urldate = {2021-06-05},
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keywords = {Bild},
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}
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latex/ökologische-risiken-fossile-energie/bilderzwerg-fracking.jpg
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latex/ökologische-risiken-fossile-energie/devastierung-1.jpg
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latex/ökologische-risiken-fossile-energie/index.tex
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% TeX program = xelatex
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% vim: set spell spelllang=de:
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\documentclass[aspectratio=1610]{beamer}
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\usetheme[
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numbering=fraction,
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]{metropolis}
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\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
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\usepackage[useregional]{datetime2}
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\usepackage{csquotes}
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\usepackage[
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style=authortitle,
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]{biblatex}
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\addbibresource{bibliography.bib}
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\renewcommand*{\bibfont}{\scriptsize} % \tiny?
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\appto\biburlsetup{\def\UrlBigBreaks{\do\:\do\-\do\/}}
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\setcounter{biburlbigbreakpenalty}{1}
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\title{Ökologische Risiken bei Abbau und Nutzung von fossilen Energieträgern}
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\author{Eric Doberstein, Simon Bruder}
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\subject{}
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\institute{Geographie \\
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Christian-von-Bomhard-Schule}
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\date{\DTMdisplaydate{2021}{06}{07}{-1}}
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\begin{document}
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\begin{frame}[plain, noframenumbering]
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\maketitle
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}[noframenumbering]{Gliederung}
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\tableofcontents
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\end{frame}
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\section{Kohle}
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\begin{frame}{Luftverschmutzung}
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\begin{minipage}{.6\textwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Bei Verbrennung in Kohlekraftwerken:\begin{itemize}
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\item Ausstoßung hoher Mengen von Treibhausgasen
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\item Ausstoß von giftigen Gasen, u.\,A. Quecksilber (>5000\,kg jährlich)
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→ Gesundheitliche Schäden in umliegender Bevölkerung
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{minipage}\hfill
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\begin{minipage}{.4\textwidth}
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{ziese-kohlekraftwerk}
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\caption{Kohlekraftwerk. \cite{ziese-kohlekraftwerk}.}
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\end{figure}
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\end{minipage}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{Devastierung}
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\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Für den Obertageabbau werden große Flächen benötigt
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\item Verlust von Landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen und Wäldern
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\item Zerstörung von Dörfern (Umsiedlung)
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\item Vorteil: Renaturierung der Flächen möglich
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\end{itemize}
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\end{minipage}\hfill
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\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[height=.24\textheight]{devastierung-1}
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\includegraphics[height=.24\textheight]{devastierung-2}
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\includegraphics[height=.24\textheight]{devastierung-3}
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\caption{Fotos der gleichen Stelle 1986, 1990 und 1997. \cite{michel-vorher-nachher}.}
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\end{figure}
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\end{minipage}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{Grundwasserabsenkung}
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\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Kohlevorkommen meist unter grundwasserführenden Schichten → Abpumpen des Grundwassers
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\item Folgen:\begin{itemize}
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\item „Bergschäden“ (Schäden an Gebäuden und Landschaft durch Absetzen und Abrutschen des Bodens)
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\item Schädigung der Pflanzenwelt (Absterben von Bäumen bei Trockenheit)
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{minipage}\hfill
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\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{führer-sümpfung}
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\caption{Schema der Grundwasserabsenkung. \cite{führer-sümpfung}.}
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\end{figure}
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\end{minipage}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Erdgas}
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\begin{frame}{Fracking}
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\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Fracking (Hydraulic Fracturing): Methode zum Aufbrechen von
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gashaltigem Gestein zur Erdgasgewinnung
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\item Grundwasserverunreinigung durch verwendete Chemikalien
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\item Entsorgung der verwendeten Chemikalien („Flowback“) problematisch
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\item Entstehen von leichten Erdbeben möglich
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\end{itemize}
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\end{minipage}\hfill
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\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[height=.75\textheight]{bilderzwerg-fracking}
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\caption{\cite{bilderzwerg-fracking}.}
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\end{figure}
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\end{minipage}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Erdöl}
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\subsection{Konventionell}
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\begin{frame}{Abfackeln}
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\begin{minipage}{.7\textwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Nicht weiter nutzbare Nebenprodukte werden verbrannt
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\item Oft stark kohlenstoffhaltig → Ruß
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\item Bei der Verbrennung entstehen Schwefeldioxid und Stickoxide
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\end{itemize}
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\end{minipage}\hfill
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\begin{minipage}{.3\textwidth}
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[height=.65\textheight]{abfackel-flamme}
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\caption{Gasfackel einer Erdölraffinerie in Thailand. \cite{abfackel-flamme}.}
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\end{figure}
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\end{minipage}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{Lecks}
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\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Verseuchen Böden und Gewässer
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\item Töten Tiere und Pflanzen
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\item Entstehen durch Tankerunfälle oder undichte Tanks oder Pipelines
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\end{itemize}
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\end{minipage}\hfill
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||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{figure}
|
||||||
|
\includegraphics[height=.75\textheight]{maracaibo-leck}
|
||||||
|
\caption{Ölflecken (dunkle Stellen) im Maracaibo-See. \cite{nasa-maracaibo}.}
|
||||||
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Blowout}
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Unkontrollierter Ausbruch von Erdöl aus einem Bohrloch
|
||||||
|
\item Kann auf dem Land oder im Meer auftreten
|
||||||
|
\item Verseucht Gewässer und zerstört das Ökosystem in der Umgebung
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}\hfill
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{figure}
|
||||||
|
\includegraphics[height=.75\textheight]{lucas-gusher}
|
||||||
|
\caption{Der \textit{Lucas Gusher} in Texas. \cite{trost-lucas-gusher}.}
|
||||||
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Brände}
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.6\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Können durch Lecks oder militärischen Angriff entstehen
|
||||||
|
\item Durch hohen Kohlenstoffanteil rußt Rohöl besonders stark
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}\hfill
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.4\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{figure}
|
||||||
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{jordan-kuwait-brand}
|
||||||
|
\caption{Brennende Ölfelder in Kuwait während des zweiten Golfkrieges. \cite{jordan-kuwait-brand}.}
|
||||||
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Radioaktive Abfälle}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Im Bohrschlamm befindet sich radioaktives Material wie Radium 226 oder
|
||||||
|
Polonium 210
|
||||||
|
\item In Rohren und Pumpen findet einer Anlagerung dieser Materialien statt
|
||||||
|
\item Der Abfall ist durchschnittlich mit ca. 50
|
||||||
|
$\frac{\text{Bq}}{\text{g}}$ belastet (natürliche Radioaktivität: ca. 0.03
|
||||||
|
$\frac{\text{Bq}}{\text{g}}$)
|
||||||
|
\item Erfordert fachgerechte Entsorgung, die meistens nicht vorhanden ist
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\subsection{Unkonventionell}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Ölsandabbau}
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Durch Einpumpen von unter Druck stehendem Wasserdampf wird Ölsand
|
||||||
|
gefördert
|
||||||
|
\item Hoher Wasserverbrauch (ca. 20\,\% werden verunreinigt)
|
||||||
|
\item Hoher Energieverbrauch für Aufbereitung
|
||||||
|
\item Große Flächen werden zerstört
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}\hfill
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{figure}
|
||||||
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{ölsandabbau}
|
||||||
|
\caption{Das Prinzip des Ölsandabbaus (schematisch). \cite[104]{bauske-geographie-oberstufe-11}.}
|
||||||
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Ölsandabbau in Alberta}
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.495\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{figure}
|
||||||
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{athabasca-1984}
|
||||||
|
\caption{Satellitenaufnahme der Athabasca-Ölsände 1984. \cite{nasa-athabasca}.}
|
||||||
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}\hfill
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.495\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{figure}
|
||||||
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{athabasca-2011}
|
||||||
|
\caption{Satellitenaufnahme der Athabasca-Ölsände 2011. \cite{nasa-athabasca}.}
|
||||||
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\section{Uran}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Uranabbau}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Radioaktives und mit Schwermetallen belastetes Abwasser wird häufig in
|
||||||
|
Gewässer geleitet
|
||||||
|
\item Abfälle der Weiterverarbeitung („Tailings“) werden getrocknet und
|
||||||
|
ausgeblasen
|
||||||
|
\item Über 40 Mal höhere Radioaktivität in Abbaugebiet
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Reaktorunfall}
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.66\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Bei planmäßiger Nutzung: Kein Austritt von Radioaktivität
|
||||||
|
\item Durch unvorhergesehenes Ereignis kann es zum Entweichen sehr großer
|
||||||
|
Mengen an Strahlung und radioaktivem Material kommen
|
||||||
|
\item Beispiele: Tschernobyl 4 1986 (Mängel im Design, Fehlbedienung),
|
||||||
|
Fukushima Daiichi 2011 (Erdbeben)
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}\hfill
|
||||||
|
\begin{minipage}{.34\textwidth}
|
||||||
|
\begin{figure}
|
||||||
|
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{reaktorunfall}
|
||||||
|
\caption{Nachstellung des brennendes Reaktors in Tschernobyl. \cite{hbo-chernobyl}.}
|
||||||
|
\end{figure}
|
||||||
|
\end{minipage}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}{Endlagerung}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Pro Jahr und Kraftwerk entstehen ca. 1,1\,t radioaktiver Abfall, die
|
||||||
|
für lange Zeit geschützt gelagert werden müssen
|
||||||
|
\item Häufig werden diese in stillgelegten Bergwerken gelagert
|
||||||
|
\item Beispiel: Asse (altes Salzbergwerk): Eindringen von 12000\,ℓ Wasser
|
||||||
|
pro Tag (2008) → Potenzielle Verunreinigung des Grundwassers
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\appendix
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\section{Quellen}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\nocite{*} % cite everything
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}[noframenumbering]{Quellen}
|
||||||
|
\printbibliography[heading=none, notkeyword=Bild]
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{frame}[noframenumbering]{Bildquellen}
|
||||||
|
\printbibliography[heading=none, keyword=Bild]
|
||||||
|
\end{frame}
|
||||||
|
\end{document}
|
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Reference in a new issue