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\title{Ethnic Minorities in the US: Native Americans}
\author{Simon Bruder}
\subject{}
\subject{Englisch \\
Christian-von-Bomhard-Schule}
\date{\DTMdisplaydate{2021}{06}{17}{-1}}

\begin{document}
 \maketitle

 \section{Name}

 \begin{itemize}
  \item Individual tribes named themselves “First People”
  \item Europeans used “Indians”, which is seen as disrespectful due to its use
   in conjunction with injustice
  \item Alternative “Native Americans” has the problem of
   \textit{overinclusivity} (not specific to continental US)
  \item “American Indians” is widely used on reservations and by the tribal and
   US government
  \item More detailed discussion: \cite{cgp-grey-reservations-0}
 \end{itemize}

 \section{History}

 \subsection{Pre-colonialisation}
 \begin{itemize}
  \item Population between 3 and 12 million
  \item Over 600 societies with distinct cultures, languages and lifestyles
  \item Complex social structures and collective decision-making (base for the
   United States democracy)
 \end{itemize}

 \subsection{Conflicts with Colonial Powers and the Independent United States}

 \begin{itemize}
  \item Invasion of native lands due to rising immigration and need for more
   space
  \item Europeans brought diseases they were immune to but affected the Natives
  \item Until 1975 the government tried multiple times to exterminate or
   assimilate the Natives
  \item Natives were forced onto far away reservations under futile resistance
  \item Original land of the Natives was sold
 \end{itemize}

 \section{Overview}

 \subsection{Population}
 \begin{itemize}
  \item 5.2 million people (1.7\,\%)
  \item Not a homogeneous group: 574 federally recognised American Indian and
   Alaska Native tribes
 \end{itemize}

 \subsection{Language}
 \begin{itemize}
  \item Speak English or traditional language
  \item Over 300 Indigenous languages in the US
  \item Only 175 of which are still spoken, projected to decline to 20 in 2050
  \item Most widely spoken language: Navajo (166\,800)
  \item Other languages have less than 20\,000 speakers
 \end{itemize}

 \subsection{Culture and Traditions}
 \begin{itemize}
  \item Majority forcefully converted to Christianity, but traditional
   spirituality recently experienced a revival
 \end{itemize}

 \section{Reservations}

 \begin{itemize}
  \item 20\,\% live on reservations
  \item Over 326 reservations
  \item Often substandard housing (in some cases no electricity and indoor
   plumbing)
  \item Used as a dumping ground for toxic and nuclear waste
  \item High rate of violence and crime
 \end{itemize}

 \section{Present-day Issues}

 \begin{itemize}
  \item Double of the average US unemployment and poverty rate with 8.9\,\% and
   26.6\,\%
  \item 30\,\% lower median household income (USD 38530)
  \item Over-representation in jails
 \end{itemize}

 \appendix

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