presis/revealjs/information-technology/1-history.md

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History

* Simon * large topic * to save time: only Internet (de facto the modern IT) * development of concepts needed for today’s products and companies

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ARPAnet

* ARPA: Advanced Research Projects Agency * goal: optimize efficiency by sharing computers * (Mainframes only used by 1 person simultaneously) * 1969: First use; end of year: only 4 computers * next years: + institutions in Hawaii, London, Norway * Problem: difficult to manage large amounts of nodes in one network

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Packet switching

* helps avioding congenstions * split data at transmission * join it back when receiving * think of it as: * cutting photo in half, putting in 2 envelopes * recipient glues them back together

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TCP/IP

* Vinton Cerf * TCP (transmission control protocol)/IP (internet protocol) stack * allowed data transfer and communication between over 4B nodes in network

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SMTP

* one of the first applications * base for e-mail transfer (still in use today) * most traffic back then

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World Wide Web

* historically more important; by Tim-Berners-Lee (1991; CERN) * developed HTML, HTTP and concept of URLs (all still in use today) * first web browser

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Commercialization

* development of Mosaic * rising popularity of AOL * enabled users to browser the internet from home via telephone line * search engines, shops, early social networks * → fully suitable for end users